{"id":12316,"date":"2026-04-09T17:39:30","date_gmt":"2026-04-10T01:39:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/inedc.com\/24\/?p=12316"},"modified":"2026-04-09T17:39:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-10T01:39:30","slug":"nathan-hawks-ride-carries-gold-rush-news-east-from-coloma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/inedc.com\/24\/culture\/history\/nathan-hawks-ride-carries-gold-rush-news-east-from-coloma\/","title":{"rendered":"Nathan Hawk\u2019s Ride Carries Gold Rush News East from Coloma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"607\" data-end=\"813\">COLOMA, Calif. \u2014 In the spring of 1848, as gold was quietly confirmed along the South Fork of the American River, a little-known courier helped carry the news that would transform California\u2014and the nation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"Y3BBE\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAMQAA\" data-processed=\"true\" data-complete=\"true\">The events of\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">April 8, 1848<\/strong>, as recorded in<\/p>\n<div class=\"Mat90e\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_p\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-sae=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">John Sutter&#8217;s daily logbook<\/div>\n<p>, represent a pivotal moment in American history when the news of gold began its official journey east. This date marks the arrival of <a id=\"TEXYadLZA9TikPIPp9fOuAE_1\" class=\"FCWwCb bqYA2d\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=sam+brannan&amp;kgmid=\/m\/01ytvn&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQ3egRegQIAxAD\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQ3egRegQIAxAD\">Sam Brannan<\/a> at <a id=\"TEXYadLZA9TikPIPp9fOuAE_2\" class=\"FCWwCb bqYA2d\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/viewer\/place?mid=\/m\/0962d&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQqdYPegQIAxAF\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQqdYPegQIAxAF\">Sutter&#8217;s Fort<\/a><br \/>\naboard the schooner\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">Dice Mi Nana<\/strong>, bringing with him the primary agent of this news:<\/p>\n<div class=\"Mat90e\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_12\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\">Nathan Hawk<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"KsbFXc U6u95\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAUQAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">The Schooner<\/strong>: Brannan arrived on the\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Dice Mi Nana<\/strong>, which carried Nathan Hawk as an\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">&#8220;express mail carrier&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAUQAQ\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">The Passage<\/strong>: Brannan provided Hawk passage from San Francisco to the fort, serving as the first leg of Hawk\u2019s overland trek to notify\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Brigham Young<\/strong>\u00a0and others of the gold discovery.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAUQAg\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">The Cargo<\/strong>: Hawk was tasked with carrying\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">2,000 copies<\/strong>\u00a0of the\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">April 1, 1848<\/strong>, edition of Brannan\u2019s newspaper,\u00a0<\/span>\n<div class=\"Mat90e\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_1x\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><a id=\"TEXYadLZA9TikPIPp9fOuAE_4\" class=\"FCWwCb bqYA2d\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?q=the+california+star&amp;kgmid=\/hkb\/1876876555&amp;sa=X&amp;ved=2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQ3egRegQIBRAF\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQ3egRegQIBRAF\">The California Star<\/a><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"Fsg96\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"otQkpb\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\">The Message: &#8220;Prospects of California&#8221;<\/div>\n<div class=\"Y3BBE\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAcQAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">The newspaper Hawk carried featured a landmark article by<\/p>\n<div class=\"Mat90e\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_2g\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\">Dr. Victor Fourgeaud<\/div>\n<p>titled\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">&#8220;Prospects of California&#8221;<\/strong>.<span class=\"uJ19be notranslate\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_2j,eLHVEe_2k\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\"><span class=\"vKEkVd\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-wiz-attrbind=\"class=eLHVEe_2i\/TKHnVd\" data-sae=\"\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<ul class=\"KsbFXc U6u95\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAgQAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Content<\/strong>: The article highlighted California\u2019s agricultural potential and its immense\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">mineral wealth<\/strong>, specifically confirming the gold found at\u00a0<span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><a class=\"H23r4e\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SacramentoHistoryMuseum\/posts\/march-15-1848on-this-day-in-1848-the-californian-newspaper-in-san-francisco-publ\/10160249879592769\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"CAgQAQ\">Sutter\u2019s Mill<\/a><\/span>\u00a0in the\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">&#8220;valley of Collumah&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAgQAg\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Strategic Impact<\/strong>: Along the overland trail, Hawk and his party of ten men intentionally redirected wagon trains toward California instead of Oregon.<\/span><span class=\"uJ19be notranslate\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_30,eLHVEe_31\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><span class=\"vKEkVd\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-wiz-attrbind=\"class=eLHVEe_2z\/TKHnVd\" data-sae=\"\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"otQkpb\" role=\"heading\" aria-level=\"3\" data-animation-nesting=\"\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"Y3BBE\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAoQAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">Hawk\u2019s journey set off a chain reaction that effectively started the\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">Gold Rush<\/strong>\u00a0at a national level:<span class=\"uJ19be notranslate\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-wiz-uids=\"eLHVEe_3f,eLHVEe_3g\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\"><span class=\"vKEkVd\" data-animation-atomic=\"\" data-wiz-attrbind=\"class=eLHVEe_3e\/TKHnVd\" data-sae=\"\"><span aria-hidden=\"true\">\u00a0<\/span><button class=\"rBl3me\" tabindex=\"0\" data-amic=\"true\" data-icl-uuid=\"fa7cba86-0e8a-41d6-8b97-c43515939b5e\" aria-label=\"View related links\" data-wiz-attrbind=\"disabled=eLHVEe_3e\/C5gNJc;aria-label=eLHVEe_3e\/bOjMyf;class=eLHVEe_3e\/UpSNec\" data-ved=\"2ahUKEwjSr4-7hOKTAxVUMUQIHaerExcQye0OegQIChAB\" data-hveid=\"CAoQAQ\"><\/button><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<ul class=\"KsbFXc U6u95\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" data-processed=\"true\">\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAsQAA\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Coast-to-Coast News<\/strong>: One copy reached New York in July 1848. This led the\u00a0<span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><a class=\"H23r4e\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SacramentoHistoryMuseum\/posts\/on-august-19-1848-the-new-york-herald-newspaper-published-a-two-column-report-on\/1407743264689391\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"CAsQAQ\">New York Herald<\/a><\/span>\u00a0to publish a major report on the discovery on\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">August 19, 1848<\/strong>, officially alerting the East Coast.<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"dF3vjf\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-hveid=\"CAsQAg\" data-complete=\"true\" data-sae=\"\"><span class=\"T286Pc\" data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\" aria-owns=\"action-menu-parent-container\"><strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Nathan Hawk\u2019s Legacy<\/strong>: A former member of the\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Mormon Battalion<\/strong>, Hawk eventually returned to California during the peak of the Gold Rush. He is buried at the\u00a0<span data-sfc-cp=\"\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\"><a class=\"H23r4e\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/SacramentoHistoryMuseum\/posts\/april-8-1848on-this-day-in-1848-john-sutter-noted-in-the-daily-logbook-at-sutter\/990163176447404\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-hveid=\"CAsQAw\">Pioneer Cemetery<\/a><\/span>\u00a0in\u00a0<strong class=\"Yjhzub\" data-sfc-root=\"c\" data-sfc-cb=\"\" data-complete=\"true\">Coloma<\/strong>, not far from where the discovery that changed his life took place.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\" data-start=\"815\" data-end=\"840\">His name was Nathan Hawk.<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"1104\">Historical records tied to <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Sutter\u2019s Fort<\/span><\/span> and the journals of <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">John Sutter<\/span><\/span> place Hawk at the center of one of the earliest organized efforts to spread word of the discovery at <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Sutter\u2019s Mill<\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"qqf5gc\" data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1138\">A Mission Begins at the Fort<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1140\" data-end=\"1389\">On April 8, 1848, Sutter recorded the arrival of <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Sam Brannan<\/span><\/span> aboard the schooner <em data-start=\"1247\" data-end=\"1261\">Dice Mi Nana<\/em>. With him was Hawk, described in Sutter\u2019s log as an \u201c<strong>express mail carrier<\/strong>,\u201d tasked with transporting critical information east.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1391\" data-end=\"1549\">Brannan provided Hawk passage from San Francisco to the fort\u2014marking the first leg of a journey that would ultimately carry news of gold across the continent.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1551\" data-end=\"1719\">Hawk\u2019s cargo was both practical and historic: approximately 2,000 copies of the April 1, 1848 edition of <em data-start=\"1656\" data-end=\"1677\">The California Star<\/em>, one of the region\u2019s earliest newspapers.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1721\" data-end=\"1982\">At the heart of that edition was an article by <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Dr. Victor Fourgeaud<\/span><\/span> titled <em data-start=\"1813\" data-end=\"1841\">\u201cProspects of California.\u201d<\/em> It detailed not only the region\u2019s agricultural promise but also its \u201cimmense mineral wealth,\u201d including confirmed gold findings near Coloma.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"10cgnel\" data-start=\"1984\" data-end=\"2019\">Redirecting the Overland Trails<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2021\" data-end=\"2187\">Hawk did not travel alone. Accompanied by a party of ten men, he headed east toward Salt Lake City to inform <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Brigham Young<\/span><\/span> and other settlers.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2189\" data-end=\"2392\">Along the way, Hawk and his companions shared the contents of the newspaper with wagon trains moving west. According to historical accounts, their message was clear: bypass Oregon and head to California.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2394\" data-end=\"2437\">That redirection would prove consequential.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2591\">\u201cThe article highlighted California\u2019s immense mineral wealth,\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2591\">one historical summary notes,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2591\">\u201cand travelers were urged to reconsider their destination.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"1fexfaz\" data-start=\"2593\" data-end=\"2620\">From Coloma to New York<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2868\">By July 1848, one copy of <em data-start=\"2648\" data-end=\"2669\">The California Star<\/em> had reached New York. Just weeks later, on Aug. 19, the <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">New York Herald<\/span><\/span> published a two-column report on the gold discovery\u2014the first major East Coast confirmation of the find.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2870\" data-end=\"2951\">The report helped validate what had, until then, been dismissed by many as rumor.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2953\" data-end=\"3126\">President <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">James K. Polk<\/span><\/span> further cemented the news in a Dec. 5, 1848 address to Congress, confirming the discovery and accelerating national interest.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"wmejx\" data-start=\"3128\" data-end=\"3173\">A Four-Month Journey That Changed History<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3175\" data-end=\"3374\">From the moment Hawk departed California to the publication in New York, the news traveled coast to coast in roughly four months\u2014an extraordinary feat in an era before telegraphs reached the Pacific.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3376\" data-end=\"3414\">The result was immediate and profound.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3416\" data-end=\"3610\">An estimated 90,000 people arrived in California in 1849 alone, with total Gold Rush migration swelling to roughly 300,000 by 1855. What began as a regional discovery became a global phenomenon.<\/p>\n<h3 data-section-id=\"am3ose\" data-start=\"3612\" data-end=\"3642\">Hawk\u2019s Final Resting Place<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3644\" data-end=\"3739\">Despite his pivotal role, Nathan Hawk remains largely absent from popular Gold Rush narratives.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3741\" data-end=\"4027\">A former member of the Mormon Battalion, he eventually returned to California during the height of the Gold Rush. Today, he is buried at <span class=\"hover:entity-accent entity-underline inline cursor-pointer align-baseline\"><span class=\"whitespace-normal\">Pioneer Cemetery<\/span><\/span>\u2014just miles from where the discovery that altered his life, and the course of American history, first took hold.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"4029\" data-end=\"4162\">His story underscores a simple truth: history is not only shaped by those who make discoveries, but also by those who carry the news.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A little-known Coloma pioneer helped carry the first Gold Rush news across the country\u2014changing American history in just four months<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12317,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"format":"standard","override":[{"template":"7","parallax":"1","layout":"no-sidebar-narrow","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"float","share_float_style":"share-normal","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0","subtitle":"Newly surfaced details highlight how a Coloma pioneer helped ignite the 1848 gold frenzy across America"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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